Farming techniques

Silk flower, also known as the "Beauty of the Moon" or Qionghua, is a member of the Cactaceae family and belongs to the genus of county flowers. It is a perennial evergreen succulent native to the tropical forests of the Americas. This unique plant blooms from June to October, with up to five to six flowering cycles during this period. The flowers are large, white, and fragrant, typically opening at night and closing after just a few hours. This fleeting beauty has given rise to the saying "the flower is in a flash." In addition to its stunning blooms, the flat stem of the silk flower is also highly ornamental, making it a popular choice for indoor potting. When it comes to potting, silk flowers thrive in a soil rich in humus, well-draining, loose, and slightly acidic. A common mix consists of 4 parts humus soil, 4 parts garden soil, and 2 parts sand. After preparing the soil, it's best to expose it to sunlight for sterilization before use. Watering is crucial but needs to be done carefully. Silk flowers prefer moist soil and high humidity but are sensitive to overwatering. During late autumn, winter, and early spring, when the plant enters a semi-dormant state, watering should be strictly controlled. Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings. As temperatures rise in spring, gradually increase watering to keep the soil consistently moist. During active growth, misting around the plant can help raise humidity and improve air circulation. Fertilizing is important for healthy growth. It's recommended to use well-decomposed organic fertilizer mixed with a small amount of bone meal or superphosphate during soil preparation. Apply about 1/20 of the soil volume as a base fertilizer. Once new stems begin to grow in spring, apply liquid fertilizer monthly. Just before flowering, use a 1000-times diluted potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. If leaves turn yellow, apply a 500-times diluted ferrous sulfate solution. Stop fertilizing by the end of autumn. Pests and diseases such as gray mold and red spider mites can affect silk flowers. For gray mold, spray a 70% methyl thiophanate or mancozeb solution at 800 times dilution. For red spider mites, use a 1000-times diluted dicofol solution and ensure good ventilation to reduce infestation. Propagation is usually done through cuttings. Cuttings can be taken year-round in a greenhouse, but the best time is April to May. Choose strong, mature stems, cut them into 10–15 cm sections, and let them dry for 2–3 days. Plant them in a sandy substrate, burying them about one-third deep. Avoid watering until the roots start to form. Rooting typically takes around three weeks, and they can be transplanted into pots once the roots are 4–5 cm long. Repotting should be done annually for young plants and every 2–3 years for mature ones. The best time is when the temperature is above 12°C, either in spring or September. Before repotting, stop watering and allow the soil to dry. Carefully remove the plant from the pot, prune any damaged or rotten roots, and let the wounds dry for a day before replanting. Place the plant in a shaded area and avoid watering for 2–3 days before gradually resuming care. Some key tips to remember: 1. Plants over three years old should be supported with stakes or trellises to prevent them from falling. 2. During blooming, ensure adequate light and water only when the soil is dry. Add phosphorus and potassium fertilizers every two months. 3. Avoid fertilizing during dormancy and keep the soil dry. 4. Silk flowers are not cold-resistant. Move them indoors to a sunny, enclosed space before the end of autumn to protect them from frost. Maintain an indoor temperature above 3°C during winter.

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