Farming techniques

Silk flower, also known as the "Queen of the Night" or Qionghua, is a fascinating plant belonging to the Cactaceae family. Native to tropical forests in the Americas, it's a perennial evergreen succulent that blooms from June to October, often flowering 5 to 6 times during this period. The flowers are large, white, and fragrant, typically opening at night and wilting within a few hours. This fleeting beauty has given rise to the saying, "the flower is in a flash." Additionally, the flat, fleshy stems of the silk flower are visually appealing, making it an excellent choice for indoor potting. **Potting Soil:** Silk flowers thrive in soil rich in humus, well-draining, loose, and slightly acidic. A recommended mix consists of 4 parts humus soil, 4 parts garden soil, and 2 parts sand. Once prepared, it’s best to sun-dry the soil to ensure it's free from pests and pathogens.  **Watering:** These plants prefer moist soil and high humidity but are sensitive to overwatering. During late autumn, winter, and early spring, when the plant enters a semi-dormant phase, watering should be minimized, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. As temperatures rise in spring, gradually increase watering to keep the soil consistently moist. During active growth, misting around the plant can help maintain humidity while improving air circulation. **Fertilization:** Silk flowers benefit from regular fertilization. It’s best to use well-decomposed organic fertilizer mixed with a small amount of bone meal or superphosphate when preparing the soil. Apply about 1/20 of the soil volume in the morning. After new stems appear in spring, start applying liquid fertilizer once a month. When flower buds form, use a 1000x solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. If leaves turn yellow, apply a 500x solution of ferrous sulfate. Stop fertilizing at the end of autumn. **Pests and Diseases:** If gray mold appears, spray with a 70% methyl thiophanate solution diluted at 800 times or a 70% mancozeb solution 1–2 times. For red spider mites, use a 1000x solution of dicofol and improve ventilation to reduce infestation risk. **Propagation:** Propagate using stem cuttings, which can be taken year-round in a greenhouse, but it’s best to do so between April and May. Choose healthy, mature stems, cut them into 10–15 cm sections, let them dry for 2–3 days, then plant them in a well-draining medium. Water only after roots begin to develop, usually within three weeks. Transplant when roots reach 4–5 cm in length. **Repotting:** Young silk flowers should be repotted annually, while mature plants need it every 2–3 years. Repot in spring or September when temperatures are above 12°C. Before repotting, stop watering and allow the soil to dry. Gently remove the plant, prune any rotten roots, and let the wounds dry for a day before replanting in a shady area. Water lightly after 2–3 days. **Important Notes:** 1. Plants over three years old should be supported with stakes to prevent falling. 2. During flowering, ensure adequate light and water when the soil dries. Apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers every two months. 3. Avoid fertilizing during dormancy and keep the soil dry. 4. Silk flowers are not cold-resistant. Move them indoors or to a sheltered balcony in late autumn, keeping the temperature above 3°C during winter.

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