In spring, the changing seasons and environmental conditions often lead to significant mold growth in feed ingredients. As a result, approximately 30% to 40% of the feed is wasted due to contamination, which negatively impacts pig farming and causes substantial economic losses for farmers.
Pigs affected by mycotoxin poisoning often display symptoms such as loss of appetite, digestive issues, internal bleeding, and general weakness. In severe cases, they may develop anemia and jaundice. The liver turns pale brown or reddish and becomes yellow, fibrotic, and hardened as the condition progresses. Breeding sows may experience reduced fertility, smaller litter sizes, increased abortions, ovarian atrophy, irregular estrus cycles, and fetal abnormalities during early pregnancy. Boars may show enlarged prepuces, shrunken testicles, and decreased sexual drive.
Therefore, it's essential to implement effective prevention and treatment strategies to protect herd health, reduce losses, and improve productivity. Here are some key methods to prevent mycotoxin poisoning:
1. Choose appropriate feed storage methods to prevent or minimize mold growth. Proper drying, ventilation, and temperature control can significantly reduce the risk of contamination.
2. Supplement feed with proteins, amino acids, selenium, and vitamins. These nutrients support the liver’s ability to detoxify mycotoxins through processes involving glutathione. Selenium enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase, while methionine helps in forming glutathione. Folic acid can directly remove aflatoxins from the feed.
3. Use high-quality mold inhibitors to prevent mold growth in both raw materials and finished feed products. These agents help maintain feed quality and safety.
4. Incorporate mycotoxin adsorbents into the feed. These substances bind to toxins in the digestive tract, reducing their absorption and minimizing harm to animals.
By implementing these preventive measures, farmers can better protect their livestock, ensure feed safety, and maintain efficient production. It's crucial to stay proactive in managing mycotoxin risks, especially during vulnerable seasons like spring.
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