In spring, the changing seasons and environmental conditions often lead to mold growth in feed ingredients. As a result, nearly 30% to 40% of the feed is wasted due to contamination, which negatively impacts pig farming and causes significant economic losses for farmers.
Pigs affected by mycotoxin poisoning often display symptoms such as loss of appetite, digestive issues, internal bleeding, and lethargy. The condition can progress to anemia and jaundice. The liver may appear light brown or reddish, and as the disease advances, it turns yellow, becomes fibrotic, and hardens. In breeding sows, this can lead to reduced fertility rates, smaller litter sizes, increased abortions, ovarian atrophy, irregular estrus cycles, and fetal abnormalities. Boars may experience swollen prepuces, smaller testicles, and decreased sexual drive.
Therefore, preventing and treating mycotoxin poisoning is essential to maintain herd health, reduce losses, and improve overall efficiency. Several effective methods can be used to prevent mycotoxin contamination:
First, proper storage methods should be employed to prevent mold growth or at least limit its development. This includes maintaining dry conditions, controlling temperature, and ensuring good ventilation.
Second, adding specific nutrients to the feed can help the animal’s body detoxify mycotoxins. These include proteins, amino acids, selenium, and vitamins. Selenium enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase, which plays a key role in neutralizing toxins. Methionine supports the production of glutathione, while folic acid helps remove aflatoxins from the feed.
Third, high-quality mold inhibitors should be used to protect both raw materials and finished feed from mold contamination.
Fourth, mycotoxin adsorbents can be added to the feed to bind and neutralize toxins, reducing their harmful effects on livestock and poultry.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can significantly reduce the risks associated with mycotoxin contamination, ensuring healthier animals and more sustainable farming practices.
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