When the greenhouse is under continuous rainy weather, farmers can take several measures to minimize damage based on their specific conditions. These strategies help maintain optimal growing conditions for crops.
First, temperature increase measures are essential. Farmers can use various methods to warm up the greenhouse. One common approach is to place stoves inside the structure, using heat from the stove and chimney to raise the internal temperature. Another method involves lighting a fire with dry, low-smoke wood, which provides direct warmth but must be controlled carefully to avoid damaging the plastic film or crops. Charcoal or coal braziers can also be used, offering a safer option, though with limited heating power. Electric heating systems, such as electric furnaces or heaters, provide quick and clean warmth, although they come at a higher cost.
Second, increasing light levels is crucial. Maintaining the transparency of the greenhouse cover is key—this includes keeping the surface tight, clean, and free of dust, snow, and water droplets. Using reflective films on the floor or back walls can enhance light distribution, improve lower plant illumination, and help regulate soil temperature. Painting interior walls white can further maximize light reflection. Additionally, extending natural light exposure by uncovering the greenhouse as soon as possible during sunny days helps support plant growth. In cases where natural light is insufficient, artificial lighting, such as electric or fluorescent lights, can be used. These should be placed about 50 cm above plants and the film to avoid damage, with an approximate installation of 360 watts per 10 square meters. Lighting should be timed to complement natural daylight, ideally reaching around 12 hours daily.
Third, reducing air humidity is vital to prevent disease and crop damage. Proper ventilation and drainage are necessary when humidity becomes too high, especially in the morning or during times of low external humidity. Watering should be avoided on rainy days, and if needed, it should be done at noon on sunny days. Spraying pesticides or foliar fertilizers should also be avoided during rain, with alternatives like aerosols or dusts being preferred. Reducing moisture on the greenhouse cover by maintaining its clarity helps improve light transmission. Soil moisture can be minimized by covering the ground with mulch or using dry soil.
By implementing these measures, farmers can effectively manage their greenhouses during rainy periods, ensuring better crop health and productivity.
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