Does the energy generated by plants during photosynthesis can be used to power cars? This idea seems remote, in fact, it can provide inspiration for the future of car design. This is indeed a fascinating idea.
Right now, many countries in the world continue to meet the market demand, many scientists are stepping up the development of clean and efficient new energy. Against this backdrop, it is no secret that exploring the hydrogen energy considered to be the most promising alternative to fossil fuels.
Not long ago, a news report on the development of a new method of hydrogen production by imitation and collaboration became a focus of attention. A paper published in the journal Nature Chemistry outlines how scientists at the University of Glasgow in the United Kingdom have recapitulated how plants can use solar energy to break down water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen at different times and in different physical locations. It is understood that they were inspired by plant photosynthesis and successfully separated hydrogen and oxygen from water using an electronically coupled proton buffer (ECPB) method. The researchers said that the system can produce hydrogen on an industrial scale and is less expensive and safer than current methods. Some experts said that the advent of this "important" discovery has provided a potential solution to the global energy problem.
Highlights
Found a stable intermediate capable of accepting both electrons and protons
In fact, it is not the first time that the decomposition of hydrogen from water has been simulated in the photosynthesis of plants. At the beginning of this year, some media reported that the Massachusetts Institute of Technology published a sustainable technology blueprint based on artificial photosynthesis technology in the journal of the National Academy of Sciences, establishing a benchmark for a new generation of energy-saving technologies and enumerating the establishment of artificial energy. Photosynthesis-based technology for sustainable development of "hydrogen economy".
In contrast, where is the highlight of this study? Dr. Zhang Chunxi of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemistry said: "This research is an electrochemical work. The highlight is to find a stable intermediate capable of accepting both electrons and protons. It can effectively accept electrons and protons released from electrolyzed water. The oxygen release and hydrogen release of the electrolyzed water are more effectively separated in space and time."
It is understood that the principle of electrolysis is to allow electricity to pass through water, which not only consumes electrical energy, but also because hydrogen and oxygen are separated at the same time, with an explosion hazard. But in the new electrolysis method developed at the University of Glasgow, hydrogen and oxygen are separated from water at different times by what researchers call "electron-coupled proton buffers." This helps in the collection and storage of hydrogen as electricity passes through the water. By this method, only oxygen is released first, and then hydrogen is released at a suitable time. Pure hydrogen does not naturally occur, so it uses energy to make it. This new electrolysis method takes longer but is safer and consumes less energy per minute, making it easier to rely on the renewable energy needed for currents to separate hydrogen.
Focus
How to use solar energy to produce hydrogen energy
Zhang Chunxi told reporters that hydrogen production from water electrolysis is a widely used and mature method at present, but due to the large power consumption, conventional hydrogen production is not worth the gains in terms of energy utilization. "How to use solar energy to generate electricity or hydrogen energy is the core of imitating photosynthesis in the future."
Not long ago, scientists from the University of East Anglia, Cambridge and the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom used synthetic biotechnology to simulate the process of plants absorbing solar energy and breaking down water into hydrogen and oxygen. The reporter learned that the study will establish an artificial photosynthesis system, placing micro solar panels on top of micro-organisms and using solar light to promote hydrogen production. The project researchers firmly believe that simulated plant photosynthesis can use solar energy more efficiently than existing solar energy conversion systems.
“As the human society’s energy crisis and environmental pollution have become increasingly intensified, research in this area has been attracting more and more attention from scientists. The governments of various countries have also invested a lot of manpower and material resources in this area of ​​research. People expect to be able to imitate Photosynthesis of plants directly utilizes sunlight and water, which are widely present on the earth, to generate electricity or hydrogen energy, thereby fundamentally solving the energy and environmental problems of human society," said Zhang Chunxi.
It is understood that in recent years, China and the United States, Japan, Canada, and the European Union have all developed hydrogen energy development plans. At present, China has made many progresses in the field of hydrogen energy and is expected to become a leader in hydrogen energy technology and applications in the near future. One of the countries.
difficulty
Industrial electrolyzed water costs to be reduced
"Imitation of plant photosynthesis generally refers to the use of sunlight to efficiently cleave water, generate oxygen, obtain electrical energy or hydrogen energy. The most critical and difficult point in this field is how to obtain efficient and cheap water cracking catalysts." Zhang Chunxi said that at present Research has not yet achieved a breakthrough, but the good news is that after decades of efforts, scientists have recently succeeded in revealing that natural plants can achieve efficient photolysis of water catalysts.
Zhang Chunxi said: "The discovery of this biocatalyst structure has indicated the direction for future photosynthesis and artificial control of high-efficiency photolysis of water. We and many international research groups are currently conducting in-depth research in this area."
Although many countries have already deployed hydrogen energy strategies, in the past 50 years, the application of hydrogen energy has been slower and has not yet been commercialized.
In this regard, Zhang Chunxi said that there are still many questions to be answered on how to reduce the cost of industrial electrolyzed water. "The strong acidic conditions, the use of large molecular weight electrons, and the use of proton acceptors are all negative factors."
extend
"Artificial leaves" can provide energy for the bedroom
"An artificial leaf that can carry out photosynthesis" will change the world energy pattern. According to the report of the American ABC News on the 3rd, in the 2013 “The Future-oriented Short Film Competition†of U.S. General Corporation, the science and technology short film “Artificial Leaves†won the jury award, which aims to show people the new direction of technology development.
"Artificial foliage" is actually a piece of silicon coated with a catalyst that can imitate photosynthesis and can separate hydrogen and oxygen from water under the sun's irradiation. Because there are many tiny water flow pipes inside, the water flows through the “leaves†when there is sunlight, the system will automatically open the electrolysis process, break down the water into oxygen and hydrogen, and then store the hydrogen gas to convert it into fuel. Battery power required. This project was selected into the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Projects Agency in 2009 to receive research and development funds and was granted the “US Future Energy Security Protectionâ€.
Researcher Nocera very much hopes that the “artificial leaves†can successfully break down the monopoly of the current energy market and form a diverse and diversified energy supply system after successfully reducing costs. “There is no need to completely rely on existing energy networks, especially for the lack of money for electricity. For the poor who pay for the heating, buy 'artificial leaves', as long as they can get to the sun, there is a bottle of half a bottle of drinking water, and it will be able to provide all the energy needed for a small bedroom." Last year, "artificial leaves" only Decompose hydrogen from purified water.
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