Since the beginning of this year, the contradiction of overcapacity deficiencies has frequently appeared in the speeches of senior government officials and documents of the State Council. The industries and industries that have been named include steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, plate glass, and ships, and involve petrochemicals, ferroalloys, coke, automobiles, and copper. Smelting, textile, wind power equipment, polysilicon and many other fields.
The reporter found that steel, electrolytic aluminum, and ships among them were among the top ten industry revitalization plans launched by the government during the international financial crisis in early 2009. The ten major industry adjustment and revitalization plans that were strongly introduced at the time included automobiles, steel, textiles, equipment manufacturing, shipbuilding, electronic information, petrochemicals, light industry, non-ferrous metals, and logistics. The planning period was 2009-2011. Planning is intended to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading by controlling total volume, eliminating backwardness, mergers and reorganizations, technological transformation, and independent innovation. It seems that such a goal has not yet been fully realized.
More than four years have passed, not only is excess capacity in the traditional manufacturing industries such as steel, electrolytic aluminum, and cement. Wind power equipment, polysilicon, and other emerging industries have also experienced a reversal of the entire industry after experiencing short-term high-speed investment expansion.
During the two sessions this year, Zhang Ping, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, pointed out that at present, China's steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, plate glass, coke and other industries, the capacity utilization rate of about 70% -75%; fan capacity utilization rate is lower than 70% The photovoltaic industry is even less than 60%. Compared with the general international standards for judgement, that is, the utilization rate of over 80%-85% of the production capacity indicates that the industry is relatively competitive, there are excess capacity in these domestic industries.
The planning of the central government does not seem to have changed the trend of capacity expansion in various industries. In February of this year, an Auditing Research Brief (hereinafter referred to as the Auditing Briefing) published by the Auditing Research Institute of the Audit Bureau cited the iron and steel industry as an example to illustrate the six major causes of excess capacity in the industry, one of which is policy planning, market forecasting, and markets. There is always a deviation between the actual operations.
When Zhu Baoliang, director of the Economic Forecasting Department of the State Information Center, recently received an exclusive interview with reporters, some of the monopolistic competition industries, such as iron and steel, automobiles, chemicals, and non-ferrous metals, are state-owned enterprises and an important financial source for local governments. Overcapacity.
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