When the clubroot disease and root knot nematode disease occur on cruciferous vegetables, the symptoms are difficult to distinguish. If the two diseases are unclear, it will cause troubles in prevention and treatment. So today, Xiaobian is here to summarize the information about these two diseases to help distinguish.
1 Hazard characteristics
Root disease
The clubroot disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani and is a fungal disease that occurs only in cruciferous vegetables. Such as Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, radish. It can be infested from the beginning of the seedling stage, but the field plants usually show obvious symptoms after the seedlings are transplanted or transplanted to the plate.
The aerial part of the diseased plant showed slow growth, the plant was short and stiff, and the leaves had no green luster. It was especially obvious around noon on sunny days, and the whole plant died of wilting.
The main root and lateral roots expand to form tumors of different sizes or chicken intestines, and their shape and size are greatly affected by the birth site. The tumors on the main root are mostly close to the upper part, spherical or nearly spherical, and the surface is uneven, rough and sometimes the epidermis is cracked.
Root knot nematode
Root knot nematode disease occurs not only in the roots such as Chinese cabbage, but also in the roots of carrots, eggplant, tomato, lettuce, lettuce, cucumber, watermelon, melon, coriander, zucchini, etc., and root nodules (also known as root knots). The shape and size of nodules vary greatly depending on the type of vegetables and nematodes.
Root knot nematode
A thin fibrous root is produced on the root of the root and re-infected to form a nodule. After the plants were pulled out of the soil and floated out of the soil, there were many nodular nodules in the roots. The small tumors were milky white at the beginning, brown in the later stage, and few fine roots.
Carrot root knot nematode, okra root knot nematode
After the onset of vegetable roots, the above-ground symptoms are similar to those of clubroot, which makes the plants grow slowly.
2 identification method
First, the swollen disease is only harmful to cruciferous vegetables, and other vegetables are not harmful. In addition to the cruciferous vegetables, root-knot nematodes are also harmful to other vegetables.
The root of clubroot disease is the expansion of the root tissue into a colon, while the root knot nematode disease forms a small tumor on the fine root.
In addition, it can also be distinguished according to the tumor or root knot of the anatomical root. Whether there is a female adult of the milky white pear-like root-knot nematode in the tumor, this is the most accurate means of diagnosis, and there is nothing in the tumor of the clubroot disease.
Root knot nematode HD picture:
Root knot nematode (microscope)
3 Prevention methods
Root disease
(1) The amount of pathogens in the soil of the continuous plot is generally large, and the incidence is heavier. Therefore, it should be chosen to rotate with non-cruciferous vegetables.
(2) Clean the field. The pathogen will remain in the soil with the root of the disease. Therefore, it is best to pick up the roots when collecting vegetables, or to dig roots after receiving the vegetables, and take the roots out of the field for centralized treatment.
(3) Avoid planting in low-lying wet or water-changing fields.
(4) Root swollen bacteria prefer an acidic environment, and appropriate amount of lime can be applied to the ward, on the one hand, soil disinfection, on the other hand, the soil acidity is adjusted to reduce the incidence.
(5) When a small number of diseased plants are found in the field, they should be removed in time. It can be treated with 70% pentachloronitrobenzene wettable powder, 50% methyl thiophanate wettable powder, 50% carbendazim wettable powder and the like.
Once the swollen disease is difficult to prevent, it is important to pay attention to agricultural prevention. For areas where root disease has already occurred, when replanting, be sure to pay attention to clean the field, pay attention to soil acidity and humidity regulation, and apply appropriate amount of lime, sunny planting and other measures.
Root knot nematode
(1) Root-knot nematodes are aerobic pests. The deeper the soil layer, the worse the gas permeability, so deep turning can effectively kill harmful insects.
(2) Adopting the flooding method, that is, changing the season in summer, deep turning the soil, and after injecting large water, the nematode can be killed after 10 to 15 days. And the soil disinfection, that is, 10% of the grain per acre is 5 kg, the ditch application or the hole application, and the planting is carried out 3 to 5 days after the land preparation. If a diseased plant is found, it should be removed in time and destroyed or buried deeply.
(3) Remove the pests and weeds and weeds in the vegetable garden in time, and burn them intensively to prevent the spread of root-knot nematode disease.
(4) In the early stage of the disease, 1.8% avermectin EC 2,000 times solution, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1,800 times solution, 90% trichlorfon crystal 800 times solution or 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 1,000 times solution can be used. The filling solution is 0.2 to 0.3 kg. In the vegetable growing season, spray control can also be carried out with 1% of the insecticidal emulsifiable concentrate 80 times.
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