As a specialized manufacturer of **knives**, Guanzhong Tools Co., Ltd. is known for producing a wide range of specifications with high output. One of the key challenges in their production process involves the turning of **tool** taper shanks, which are typically slender and difficult to machine. Traditionally, this was done using a template method, where the lathe's small slide was manually adjusted by loosening the taper on the template and then locking it back in place. This approach had several drawbacks, including unstable quality, poor straightness of the cone’s surface, occasional edge formation, rapid wear of the template plate, and difficulties in adjusting the pressure plate without affecting the accuracy of the taper. Additionally, when machining allowances were large, it often led to tool damage and excessive diameter variation. After **heat treatment**, the handle could also develop “black skin,†resulting in waste. These issues called for a technical improvement in the turning process.
To address these problems, the company decided to retrofit an economical **CNC lathe**. They chose an older C616 lathe and modified it by removing the gear box, the hanging wheel box, and the three bars, while scraping the guide rail surfaces. A BKC-5E CNC system from Xi’an Micro-Electrical Research Institute was installed, along with two ball screws for longitudinal and transverse movement. The ball screws were connected directly to stepping motors via sleeve couplings with a 1:50 taper pin. The original square tool holder was retained, and the X and Y axes were set up for coordinated movement.
The process involved five steps: roughing the handle, fine turning, neck turning, and slotting. A f32mm taper shank end mill was used as an example, with detailed diagrams showing the workpiece drawing, process sketch, and clamping method. The workpiece was mounted directly on the spindle, with the tailstock supporting it during machining. Loading and unloading took only about 30 seconds, and each piece could be completed in just 1–2 minutes, significantly improving efficiency.
A custom program was written for the CNC lathe, excluding the rough turning step. The program included precise movements and feed rates to ensure accurate results. For tool setting, a practical and quick method was developed. A 45° turning tool was ground and mounted on the square tool holder. During installation, the right end of the workpiece was measured, and the tool tip was positioned 3–5 mm away from the outer edge. After test cutting and measuring, the tool was adjusted to meet the required dimensions. When changing tools, the same process was repeated, ensuring consistent accuracy.
This new method not only improved the quality and consistency of the tapered shanks but also reduced tooling costs, eliminated the need for expensive indexable inserts, and allowed general welding-type tools to be used instead. It also made it easier for regular mechanics to perform tool grinding. The success of this technique has enabled Guanzhong Tools to upgrade eight economical CNC lathes (C616 and C620 models), which are now used to process various tools such as end mills, reamers, and twist drills. This transformation has significantly boosted the company’s production capacity and overall efficiency.
Low Speed Centrifuge
A low speed centrifuge is a laboratory instrument that spins samples at a relatively low speed, typically between 1,000 and 10,000 rpm (revolutions per minute). This type of centrifuge is used for separating particles or components of a solution based on their size, density, or sedimentation rate. Low speed centrifuges are commonly used in medical and biological research, as well as in industrial applications such as the separation of oil and water. They are also used in clinical settings for the separation of blood components, such as red blood cells and plasma. Some common features of low speed centrifuges include a timer, temperature control, and various rotor options to accommodate different sample types and volumes.
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Lachoi Scientific Instrument (Shaoxing) Co., Ltd. , https://www.lachoinst.com
