Some damage symptoms occur in the process of crop growth, and the morphological changes of these affected plants are easily confused with the symptoms of phytotoxicity caused by herbicides, thus affecting the correct diagnosis. These confusing symptoms are: poor environmental conditions (such as wind damage, water damage, freezing damage, high temperature, drought, etc.); pests and diseases (above the ground and underground); various deficiency factors, lack of fat, etc.; cultivation and cultivation measures. When conducting a diagnosis, it is necessary to fully understand various factors and analyze the causes in order to obtain a correct judgment. The following describes the diagnosis and remedial measures for the symptoms of hormonal herbicides.
2,4-butyl butyl ester and 2 methyl 4-chlorochloride are typical hormonal herbicides. When trace amounts (less than 0 001%), they have a stimulating effect on plants, and high concentrations (greater than 0 01%) inhibit plant growth, making the whole Plants exhibit symptoms of malformation, severely destroying the physiological functions of plants and even leading to death. The leaves, petioles and stem tips of sensitive plants are curled, the base of the stem becomes thick, and the lumps are mild and rot. After the root is damaged, it becomes shorter and thicker, the root hair is deficient, and the absorption and conduction of water and nutrients are affected. In severe cases, the whole plant can be killed. For example, the use of 2,4-D butyl ester in the corn field after the seedlings is excessive or too late (appropriate for the corn 4 to 6 leaf stage) or inbred lines and some sensitive single cross varieties often cause phytotoxicity, the symptoms are leaf curl, Forming onion-like leaves, the tassel is difficult to extract, the stem is brittle and easy to fold, the leaves are dark green, the severe leaves turn yellow, dry and no ears. The prevention and control of perennial sedge weeds such as flat stalks and stalks of stalks and chlorpyrifos (bentazon) is worse than the use of chlorpyrifos alone, with high yield and good economic benefits. 2,4-D-butyl ester is the most common type of drifting phytotoxicity. Due to the high vapor pressure, the first drift is 11-14%, and the volatilization drift is as high as 12-19%. When the temperature is above 15 °C, it begins to volatilize and drift. Increases with increasing temperature. Generally, broad-leaved crops are vulnerable to drifting. Sensitive plants include soybeans, beets, tobacco, potatoes, flax, cotton, broad beans, peas, alfalfa, sunflowers, grass wood rhinoceros, sweet potatoes, watermelon, cantaloupe, carrots, onions, garlic, tomatoes, and cucumbers. , fruit trees, broad-leaved forest shrubs, etc.
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Electrially Calcined Anthracite
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